ABSTRACT
Introduction: Long COVID-19, defined as symptom persistence beyond 3 months without alternative diagnosis after recovery, generates cardiorespiratory sequelae that are not yet well elucidated. This study aimed to assess, through spirometry and 6MWT, deficiency of patients who recovered from COVID-19. Method(s): Eighty patients (age>30 years) were included. Anthropometric (age, body mass index (BMI)), spirometric (FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC), and 6MWT (6-min walk distance (6MWD), heart-rate (HR), pulsed haemoglobin saturation in oxygen (SpO2), dyspnoea (visual analogous scale (VAS)) data were collected. Applied definitions were: abnormal 6MWD (< lower limit of normal), desaturation (fall in SpO2>5%), abnormal dyspnoea (VAS after 6MWT>5), chronotropic insufficiency (HR after 6MWT<60%), excessive cardiac response (HR after 6MWT>80%). Result(s): Age and BMI medians were 61years and 28.4kg/m2, respectively. FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC means+/-SD were 84+/-16%, 91+/-14%, and 0.79+/-0.08, respectively. 6MWD, HR, and resting VAS means+/-SD were 571+/-79m (97+/-15%), 78+/-11bpm (46+/-7%), and 1+/-1, respectively. After 6MWT, HR and VAS were statistically increased (115+/-24bpm (67+/-14%) and 3+/-2, respectively). Mean resting SpO2 was 96.5+/-1.9% and it increased significantly to 94.7+/-4.4% after 6MWT. Ten (12.5%) patients presented desaturation. After 6MWT, 15 (19%), 23 (29%), 11 (14%), and 4 (5%) patients had abnormal 6MWD, chronotropic insufficiency, excessive cardiac response, and abnormal dyspnoea, respectively. Conclusion(s): Long COVID-19 patients seem to have altered submaximal aerobic capacity, and are likely to develop long-term pulmonary and cardiac impairments. A respiratory rehabilitation program could help restore this incapacity.
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INTRODUCTION: Determining the profile of COVID-19 patients with low pulsed hemoglobin saturation in oxygen (SpO2) could help clinicians identify those with a poor prognosis. AIM: To identify and to compare the clinical, biological and radiological data of Algerian patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and divided according to the SpO2 measured at admission, at rest, and in ambient air. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out on Algerian patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the period from March 9 to April 30, 2020. The general characteristics of the patients and the clinical, biological and radiological data were determined. RESULTS: 86 patients were included in the study [G1: SpO2 >95% (n=51) and G2: SpO2 <=95% (n=35)]. Compared to G1, G2 was older (48+/-14 vs. 61+/-12 years, p=0.0001), included more patients aged >= 50 years (37.2 vs. 80.0%, p=0.0001), having an arterial-hypertension (21.6 vs. 45.7%, p=0.0180), a cancer (0.0 vs. 14.3%, p=0.0054), an anemia (25.6 vs. 56.3%, p=0.0069), a leukocytosis (4.7 vs. 21.9%, p=0.0236), a biological inflammatory syndrome (82.5 vs. 100%, p=0.0142), a hyper-uremia (7.0 vs. 37.5%, p=0.0185), a hyper-creatininaemia (4.7 vs. 18.8%, p=0.0356), a tissue damage (41.0 vs. 66.7%, p=0.0341), a diffuse ground-glass opacity (52.0 vs. 71.4%, p=0.0397), band condensations (30.0 vs. 54.3%, p=0.0244), a severe extension (2.0 vs. 25.7%, p=0.0008), and included fewer patients who complained from diarrhea (49.0 vs. 22.9%, p=0.0145), having a nodular ground-glass (66.0 vs. 40.0%, p=0.0177) and a slight extension (78.0 vs. 40.0%, p=0.0004). CONCLUSION: Criteria associated with low SpO2 in hospitalized COVID-19 patients were advanced age, a history of arterial-hypertension and cancer, high frequencies of certain biological abnormalities or radiological signs. The diarrhea symptom, the radiological appearance of nodular ground glass, and a slight extension of the radiological lesions appear as protective elements.
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OBJECTIVE: The Islamic Republic of Iran has displayed one of the highest rates of COVID-19 infection in the world and the highest rate of mortality in the Middle East. Iran has used a stringent package of preventive health measures to mitigate the spread of infection, which however has negatively affected individuals' physical and psychological health. This study aimed at examining whether physical-activity (PA) behavior, anxiety, well-being, and sleep-quality changed in response to the COVID-19-related public health restrictions enforced in Iran. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An online questionnaire was disseminated to adults residing in Iran from November 17, 2020, to February 13, 2021 (88 days), during Iran's strictest public health restrictions. Main outcome measures included Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, General Anxiety Disorder-7, Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. RESULTS: A total of 3,323 adults (mean age 30 +/- 11 years, 54.3% female) participated in the survey. Firstly, the restrictions generally reduced PA behavior: (a) among inactive participants (IPs), 60.6% became less active vs. 5.1% who became more active;and (b) among active participants (APs), 49.9% became less active vs. 22.8% who became more active. Secondly, PA behavior was associated with higher well-being and sleep quality during the restrictions: (a) APs reported higher (or lower) levels of well-being and sleep quality (or anxiety) than did IPs;and (b) among IPs as well Corresponding as among APs, the more active the participants, the greater (or lower) the levels of well-being and sleep quality (or anxiety). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the beneficial role of PA behavior for well-being, anxiety, and sleep quality during the COVID-19 restrictions, whereas such restrictions appeared to decrease PA participation. Active lifestyle should be then encouraged during the COVID-19 outbreak while taking precautions.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Le long COVID-19 est défini par la persistance des symptômes au-delà de 12 semaines sans diagnostic alternatif après l’acquisition de l’infection, quel que soit le statut viral. Dans le long COVID-19, les séquelles cardiorespiratoires, notamment l’incapacité ne sont pas encore bien élucidées. Le but de ce travail était d’évaluer l’aptitude aérobie sous-maximale (via les données du test de marche de six minutes (TM6)) des patients ayant présenté une pneumopathie hypoxémiante à COVID-19. Méthodes Cinquante-cinq patients atteints d’une pneumopathie hypoxémiante à COVID-19 étaient inclus. Les données anthropométriques (âge, indice de masse corporelle (IMC)) étaient collectées. Une spirométrie simple et unTM6 étaient pratiqués. Les données suivantes étaient notées: volume expiratoire maximal en une seconde sur la capacité vitale forcée (VEMS/CVF), distance de marche (Dm6, m, %), fréquence cardiaque (FC, bpm, %), saturation pulsée en oxygène (SpO2, %), dyspnée (échelle visuelle analogique (EVAd)). Les définitions suivantes étaient appliquées: Dm6 anormale (Dm6<à la limite inférieure de la normale), désaturation (chute de la SpO2>5 points), dyspnée anormale (dyspnée à la fin du TM6>5), insuffisance chronotrope (FC à la fin du TM6<60 %), réponse cardiaque excessive (FC à la fin du TM6>80 %). Résultats Les moyennes d’âge, d’IMC, et du rapport VEMS/CVF étaient, respectivement, de 59±8 ans, de 30±5kg/m2, et de 0,79±0,08. La moyenne de la Dm6 (m, %) était de 574±73m (97±14 %). Les moyennes de la FC (bpm, %) et de la dyspnée de repos étaient, respectivement, de 78±11 bpm (55±7 %), et 1±1. À la fin du TM6, elles avaient augmenté d’une manière statistiquement significative avec des moyennes de 115±23 bpm (67±13 %) et 3±2. La moyenne de la SpO2 de repos était de 96±2 % et a diminué d’une manière statistiquement significative à la fin du TM6 avec une moyenne de 94±4 %. À la fin du TM6, 16 (29 %), 12 (22 %), 7 (13 %), 4 (7 %), et 4 (7 %) patients avaient, respectivement, une insuffisance chronotrope, une Dm6 anormale, une réponse cardiaque excessive, une désaturation, et une dyspnée anormale. Conclusion Les patients atteints du long COVID-19 semblent avoir une altération de l’aptitude aérobie sous-maximale. Un programme de réhabilitation respiratoire pourrait restituer cette altération.